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CAS Number: 10377-48-7
Linear Formula: Li2SO4
Molecular Weight: 109.94
IUPAC Name: Lithium sulfate
Other Names: Lithium sulphate
Lithium sulfate is soluble in water, though it does not follow the usual trend of solubility versus temperature — its solubility in water decreases with increasing temperature, as its dissolution is an endothermic process. This property is shared with few inorganic compounds, such as the lanthanoid sulfates.
Lithium sulfate crystals, being piezoelectric, are also used in ultrasound-type non-destructive testing because they are very efficient sound receiver. However, they do suffer in this application because of their water solubility.
Since it has hygroscopic properties, the most common form of lithium sulfate is lithium sulfate monohydrate. Anhydrous Lithium sulfate has a density of 2.22 g/cm3 but, weighing lithium sulfate anhydrous can become cumbersome as it must be done in a water lacking atmosphere.
Lithium Sulfate has pyroelectric properties. When aqueous Lithium sulfated is heated, the electrical conductivity also increases. The molarity of Lithium sulfate also plays a role in the electrical conductivity; optimal conductivity is achieved at 2M and then decreases.
When solid lithium sulfate is dissolved in water it has an endothermic disassociation. This is different than sodium sulfate which has an exothermic disassociation. The exact energy of disassociation is difficult to quantify as it seems relative to the mols of the salt added. Small amounts of dissolved lithium sulfate have a much greater temperature change than large amounts.